Black Rot

Black rot may sound like the perfect name for your next Halloween character, but this bacterial disease can wreak havoc on plants in the cabbage family (Brassicaceae).

Initial black rot symptoms on cabbage (WSU)

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Popular brassicas, or cole crops, include broccoli, cauliflower, kohlrabi, horseradish, Napa/Chinese cabbage, collards, turnips, rutabagas, Brussels sprouts, watercress, kale, radishes, bok choy, and mustard. Rapeseed (canola) is also a member of this family. And all of these plants are susceptible to black rot, a close cousin to bacterial spot.


Black rot symptoms

​The early symptoms of black rot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris) don’t look like anything serious. You will see some chlorosis (yellowing) along leaf edges (margins), and some V-shaped lesions pointing toward the center of the plant. Then, those lesions may dry up and fall away, lulling you into thinking the problem has resolved itself.

Dried black rot lesions on cabbage leaf margins (UCANR)

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Instead, black rot bacteria have gained a foothold in the phloem and xylem of your cabbage. As they populate and block these important vascular tissues, wilting and dieback occur. ​

Cabbage wilting and dieback due to black rot (WSU)

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If you cut an infected stem longitudinally, you will be able to see blackening of the vascular tissue. [Just be sure to disinfect your cutting tool afterwards, so that you don’t spread the disease to other plants.]

Initial blackening of small veins of cabbage infected with black rot (WSU)

Severe blackening of cabbage veins due to black rot (WSU)

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Managing black rot in the garden

Since this disease is most likely to occur in warm, humid weather, planting your cole crops after any chance of Indian summer has passed can help prevent it from occurring. The moisture left behind from overhead watering can also create the perfect conditions for black rot to take hold, so water your cabbages at ground level. There are some resistant varieties available, so shop for those if you have had problems with black rot in the past. Also, it’s a good idea to use crop rotation with cabbages and cauliflower in particular, as these two crops are the most likely to be affected. Since this bacteria can survive on cruciferous weeds, be sure to keep your cabbage patch weed free.​